British Journal of Multidisciplinary and Advanced Studies

Women and Modernization of Tailoring Production in Northern Nigeria 1990-2015

Rahila Ahmed Modibbo — 2025-07-19

The nature of tailoring production shows that many women tailors who produce clothing to the direct order of personal consumers are artisans. They engage directly in production, either working alone or with the assistance of family members or unrelated apprentices[1]. As a result of the development of new tailoring machines, the business of tailoring began to take new dimension, because the tailored women began to expand the business by establishing modern and new fashion centers such as Farees Couture by Farida Said at Zoo road, Fashion Empire by Zainab Lawal at Yahaya Gusau road established in 2012 and KMM Couture by Khadija Munnir Rabiu at Goron Dutse established in 2014 all within the metropolis. The role of women in textile craftwork within the metropolitan area of Kano cannot be over-emphasized. Kano is endowed with several traditional crafts existing for centuries; those of which we are familiar with include cloth-making, embroidery of stitched men’s cap, tailoring, dyeing, weaving, and spinning to name the most important ones. This paper concentrates on the role of women in modernization and reorganization of textile production mainly tailoring in Kano metropolis by examining how modernization and globalization of tailoring as a trade affected the socio-economic re-orientation of Kano metropolis.

Census in Nigeria: The Processes,Politicization and Implications from Coloniality to Post-Coloniality

Charles Okeke Okoko — 2025-07-19

The importance of census undertakings since independence paled into insignificance as a result of the wrangling that pervaded the activities of the disparate agglomerating ethnic units in Nigeria. This was in addition to government’s unpreparedness that was exacerbated by low capital and human capacity deficits. Yet, census was relevant since it provided the benchmark for the generation of social, economic and political data that, in turn, made for effective and efficient planning and programming. This paper examined census undertakings nexus how effectively and successfully Nigeria’s National Population Commission (NPC) conducted headcounts in the country; the problems encountered; and the often non-compliance by ethnic and dissident groups in not allowing their members participate in them. It assessed the implications of these problems vis-à-vis economic planning, growth and development. The paper concluded that the inability of the NPC to conduct censuses and the often non-compliance of ethnic groups, militants and secessionists, affected Nigeria’s overall growth and development. Primary and secondary sources were used in writing this paper while internet sources served complementary and subsidiary purposes.

Nigerian Military, Nation-Building and Development, 1979-1999

Charles Okeke Okoko — 2025-07-19

The question often asked was: Could the military have been in power without achieving anything? Why did they venture into governance? This was against the background that military rule was variously said to be worse than he worst civilian government. Yet, the military were vindicated after an examination of the roles they played in Nigeria between 1979 and 1999. In the build up to the evolution of the Nigeria’s modern military, it was observed that the military was prodded to take over power from the First Republic political leaders for obvious corruption and nepotism before the eruption of the Biafra-Nigeria civil War (1967-1970). It was concluded that the military acquitted itself through its contributions to peace and unity; and to the task of nation building.

A Comprehensive Review on Sources of Potentially Toxic Metals and Their Impact on Aquatic, Terrestrial Animals and on Humans

O.P. Bansal — 2025-07-13

Potentially toxic metals such as Zn, Cu, and Co are an integral part of human life as they are part of several essential enzymes and metalloenzymes, while metals Pb, Cd, Cr, Hg and metalloid arsenic are nonessential but highly toxic. The Earth's crust is the natural source of potentially toxic metals, which enter the environment through various geological and anthropogenic processes. Due to anthropogenic activities and the persistence of these metals potentially toxic metals are present in all the compartments of the environment (groundwater, surface water, potable water, seawater, soil, vegetables, fruits, crops, fish, seafood etc.). Due to industrialization, urbanization, and indiscriminate anthropogenic activities, the concentration of these toxic metals is increasing in water, soil, and food sources. World Health Organization (WHO) has classified these metals as one of the major pollutants of the 21st century. Dermal absorption and ingestion are the primary pathways for the uptake of these metals by aquatic animals (E.g., fish, and seafood), while plant uptake occurs via absorption from soil or through air/dust particles. Inhalation of air/dust particles, ingestion of contaminated water, beverages, and food and dermal uptake by skin from contaminated water are the main pathways of uptake of these toxic metals by mammals. If these toxic metals in the aquatic animal body are accumulated beyond tolerable limits it may cause growth retardation, liver lesions, kidney damage and infertility. Both the quality and quantity of crop yield are adversely affected when these toxic metals are accumulated in plants. In humans and other mammals these metals generate reactive oxygen species, inhibit enzyme activities, and cause DNA structural and functional impairments. Accumulation of these metals alters liver, kidney and lung functions. Prolonged exposure to these metals negatively impacts the central nervous system and causes neurological degenerative diseases (Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease). The health impact of the potentially toxic metals on aquatic and terrestrial animals and on humans is recorded in this review.

Improving Awareness of HIV Prophylaxis Amongst Non-Healthcare Individuals: A Research Proposal

Gloria Serwaa Berko Owusu — 2025-07-12

The goal of ending the HIV epidemic by 2030, with the worldwide effort to address the HIV epidemic, is in line with Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 3.3. Strategies have been put in place by WHO, UNAIDS, and the Global Fund to address the substantial financial and public health impact of HIV, especially in low- and middle-income countries. HIV infection continues to be a danger to quality of life despite continuous efforts. HIV prophylaxis, which includes both pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) and post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP), plays an important role in the fight against new infections. Although it is clear that these preventive measures are helpful, there are noticeable gaps in knowledge and adherence, especially among non-healthcare individuals. Although special attention should be given to HCW, it is also important also to focus on the general public. For a complete strategy to HIV prevention, it is imperative to close gaps in public knowledge and improve awareness on HIV prophylaxis. The main aim of this research is to first investigate reasons why non-healthcare individuals have low awareness level of HIV prophylaxis both PREP and PEP and also evaluate ways to improve awareness and uptake by these category of individuals. This study will use a mixed-method approach to assess HIV prophylactic knowledge in Greater Accra, Ghana (PEP and PrEP). Surveys and interviews will be conducted with 200 participants in the research, which includes FSW, MSM, and hospital patients. Random sampling and snowballing are two techniques for sampling. Validity and reliability will be ensured through, thorough training of research assistants, pretesting research tools by pilot study. For ethical principles, there would be Participant anonymity, informed consent, IRB compliance, and safe data processing. This research proposal will go a long way by providing evidence-based knowledge to decision makers. The outcomes will guide the creation of community outreach initiatives, educational campaigns, and specialized medical services. By filling information gaps, identifying relationships, and advancing global health initiatives, the research hopes to improve public health outcomes through well-informed actions.

Tubaric Pregnancy Combined an Intrauterine Pregnancy with Placental Abruption: A Rare Clinical Case in Emergency and Review of the Literature

William Zuccon — 2025-07-12

A tubaric pregnancy combined with an intrauterine pregnancy with placental abruption is an extremely rare and very high-risk condition that requires urgent and highly specialized medical care. The coexistence of these two conditions makes the diagnosis difficult, because symptoms can often overlap and there is a high risk of bleeding, which is why it requires a high index of suspicion. Risk factors can be multiple but most frequently involve the use of assisted reproductive technologies. Treatment options, from observation to surgery, must be carefully selected based on the clinical situation and management must aim at improving the obstetric outcome for a viable intrauterine pregnancy. Surgical treatment is aimed at removing the tubaric pregnancy, controlling the bleeding and preserving the intrauterine pregnancy. For patients with unstable hemodynamics or with any signs indicating rupture of an ectopic pregnancy, emergency surgery is always strongly recommended. Coexisting placental abruption in an intrauterine pregnancy, if it is partial as in the reported clinical case, may reabsorb spontaneously. The maternal and intrauterine fetal prognosis depends on early diagnosis and fetal survival is good if diagnosis is timely, treatment is appropriate and strict follow-up is performed. At this stage, close monitoring in hospitalization is required and emotional support is essential because the situation is extremely stressful for the patient.

Effect of Nandom’s Java Intelligent Tutor System on Computer Education Students’ Academic Achievement in Java programming Language in Universities in Nigeria

Ibebuife Enemchukwu Ugwu — 2025-07-12

This study determined the effect of the Nandom’s Java Intelligent Tutor System (NJITS) on the academic achievement of students in Java programming language in Universities in south-east Nigeria. Population for the study is 136 students. Total population sampling technique was used. Data was collected using Java Programming Achievement Test (JPAT). The instrument was validated by five experts. Reliability index of 0.78 was established. After pretest, the experimental group was taught with NJITS and control group taught using lecture method. After the experiment, a posttest was given to both groups. Data collected were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS). Mean and standard deviation were used to answer the research questions while Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) was used to test the null hypothesis formulated at 0.05 level of significance. Findings revealed that NJITS improved students’ academic achievement in Java programming language more than lecture method. Also, male students taught Java programming language using the NJITS had higher academic achievement than the female students taught Java programming language using the same tool. A significant difference exists in the mean academic achievement scores of students of students, taught Java programming language using NJITS and those taught using the lecture method.

Cultural Factors and deviant behaviour among Secondary School Students in Southwest Nigeria

T. B. Babatunde — 2025-07-12

There is no doubt that deviant behaviour among secondary school students could be determined by many factors among which is cultural factors such as family influence and religion influence. This study investigated the influence of cultural factors on deviant behaviour among secondary school students in Southwest Nigeria. A descriptive survey research design was employed. The study population comprised 31,144 male and female students enrolled in both public and private secondary schools across the Southwest region of Nigeria. Using a multistage sampling technique, a total of 1,777 students were selected from these schools to participate in the study. An instrument designed by the researcher titled ‘Questionnaire on Cultural factors and deviant behaviour among secondary school students (CFDBSSS) was used to elicit data for this study. The instrument was validated by experts and subjected to reliability test through Cronbach's Alpha reliability test which yielded a reliability coefficient of 0.82. Two hypotheses were tested at 0.05 level of significance using Pearson Production Moment Correlation. Findings of the study revealed that family and religion influence had significant relationship with deviant behaviour among secondary schools’ students in Southwest Nigeria. It was recommended among others that parents should make it a priority that their children get to schools on time to avoid lateness this will enhance their positive behaviour, religious leaders in their sermons should dwell much on morality as well as moral upbringing of children, Pragmatic and spiritual consequences of immoralities should equally be emphasized to avoid negative influence.

Keywords: family influence, religion influence, deviant

Managing Multidimensional Determinants of Academic Achievement in Social Studies: Evidence from Junior Secondary Schools in Oyo Metropolis, Nigeria

J. Oyebamiji Ajibade — 2025-07-19

The study investigated the multidimensional factors affecting academic achievement in Social Studies among junior secondary school students in Oyo Metropolis, Nigeria, from an educational management perspective. The focus is on student, teacher, school, and home-related variables. A descriptive survey research design was adopted, involving 300 students selected using stratified sampling across ten secondary schools in the study area. Data were collected using a validated questionnaire and analyzed using descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation) and inferential statistics (ANOVA and post-hoc tests). Findings revealed that student motivation, school administrative support, teacher quality, and parental involvement significantly influence students' academic performance. Implications for educational managers include the need to strengthen teacher training, improve learning resources, foster school-home collaboration, and introduce student-centered support services.