British Journal of Multidisciplinary and Advanced Studies
British Journal of Multidisciplinary and Advanced Studies is a multidisciplinary research platform in all disciplines – Business and Management Sciences, Arts and Humanities, Sciences, Engineering and Technology, and Medical Sciences.The Journal provides an international forum for discussion and debate, for individual, academics and practitioners to promote their double blinded peer reviewed works on any field. The purpose is to explore the field of Multidisciplinary Research directed for, academics, researchers and practitioners working in any area.
Student-Teacher Ratio and Internal Efficiency of Public Secondary Schools in Ondo State, Nigeria
The study examined the student-teacher ratio and internal efficiency of public secondary schools in Ondo State, Nigeria. The study adopted a descriptive research design of the survey type. The population for this study consisted of all 258 public secondary schools in Ondo State, while the sample size consisted of 200 teachers and 20 principals selected in 20 public secondary schools in Ondo State. Two research instruments were used for the data collection. The instruments tagged ‘Student -Teacher Ratio Questionnaire” (STRQ), and inventory specifically designed and administered to the principals (or Vice-Principals) to request the enrolment of students from JSS.1 to SSS III. Face and content validity of the instruments were ensured by experts, while the test-retest method of reliability was adopted to determine the reliability coefficient of 0.81 for the STRQ. The data collected were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The hypothesis was tested at 0.05 level of significance. The finding revealed that there was a significant relationship between the student-teacher ratio and internal efficiency of secondary schools. It was recommended that government and school administrators should ensure that teachers are made available for students to reduce overpopulated classes, and teachers should be provided with opportunities to attend seminars, conferences, and training that will equip the teachers to apply innovative ideas in the classrooms. The Teaching Service Commission should ensure that experienced teachers are employed in public secondary schools in the State. This will enable the teacher to monitor the students when the class size is not so large.
Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Attitude of Colleges of Education Students Towards Sex Education in Southwest, Nigeria
This study assessed the attitude of Colleges of Education students toward sex education in Southwest Nigeria, focusing on the influence of gender, religious beliefs, parental education, and school location on their perceptions. A descriptive survey design was used to collect data from students in selected colleges of education. The study’s population included 34,274 students across 12 Colleges of Education in Southwest Nigeria. A sample of 900 students was selected using a multistage sampling technique. In the first stage, three states were randomly chosen. In the second stage, one Federal and one State College were selected from each state using stratified random sampling. Finally, 75 students from each college were purposively selected. Data was gathered using a self-developed instrument, the "Students Attitude Towards Sex Education Questionnaire" (SATSEKQ), designed to assess students' attitudes. The instrument was validated by subject experts, and a reliability coefficient of 0.81 was obtained. The SATSEKQ was administered to the selected students through face-to-face distribution during scheduled lecture hours, with respondents assured of confidentiality and voluntary participation. Descriptive statistics, including percentage and mean, were used to answer the research questions. Path analysis tested the research hypotheses at a 0.05 significance level. The findings indicated that College of Education students generally hold positive attitudes toward sex education. However, religious beliefs and gender differences significantly shaped their attitudes. Students from religiously conservative backgrounds held more restrictive views, while female students demonstrated greater engagement with sex education than their male counterparts. Parental education and school location were found to have minimal influence on students' attitudes. Based on these findings, it is recommended that schools develop sex education programs that respect religious beliefs while promoting comprehensive and accurate information. Teachers should tailor their methods to address gender differences, and the government should offer professional development on sensitive topics for educators.
Inclusive Human Resources (HR) Practices, Employee Engagement, and Retention: Evidence from Diverse Workforces in Southwestern Nigeria
The increasing demand for workplace inclusivity has heightened interest in how human resource (HR) practices affect employee outcomes across diverse organizational settings. While evidence from Western contexts indicates that inclusive HR practices improve positive work attitudes, limited empirical data from Sub-Saharan Africa exists. This study examined the impact of inclusive HR practices on employee engagement and retention among diverse workforces in Southwestern Nigeria. Drawing on Social Exchange Theory and the Job Demands-Resources model, it was hypothesized that inclusive HR practices would boost engagement and decrease turnover intentions, with engagement serving as a mediator. A cross-sectional survey of 378 employees in five industries across Lagos, Oyo, and Ogun States was carried out using validated tools, including the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale. Structural equation modeling showed that inclusive HR practices significantly predicted employee engagement (β = 0.47, p < 0.001) and negatively influenced turnover intentions (β = -0.39, p < 0.001). Mediation analysis revealed that engagement partly mediated the relationship between inclusive HR practices and turnover intentions. These results suggest that inclusive HR practices foster employees’ psychological attachment to their work while lowering their desire to leave. The study advances Human Resources Management (HRM) scholarship by providing evidence from Africa on inclusivity and engagement and offers practical advice for organizations in Nigeria aiming to develop engaged and stable workforces.
Good Governance and Sustainable Development: Pathways, Principles, and Policy Imperatives
This paper examines the critical dynamic between good governance and sustainable development, emphasizing their shared cornerstones in institutional probity, responsibility, and enduring societal welfare. Leveraging global governance frameworks and the sustainable development goals (SDGs), this delineates the role of transparency, inclusive participation, robust regulation, and rule of law in shaping development outcomes across economic, social, environmental, and institutional spheres. The analysis accentuates deep-rooted governance issues like corruption, administrative inefficiencies, policy gap, and technological variations—that restrict sustainability efforts, particularly in developing and transition economies. Through discerning international instances, the study illustrates how governance innovations, information systems, and inclusive institutions heighten the prospects of just and adaptable progress. The research wraps up by determining the fundamental action items for building institutional resilience, mainstreaming shared input, and embracing climate-resilient management approaches. The paper thereby strengthens the argument that sustainable development’s success is deeply tied to the standard of responsiveness and credibility of governance systems.
Crops, Culture, and Colonialism: Agricultural History of Itak Clan, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria, 1880-1959
This paper investigates the agricultural history of the Itak clan in Ikono Local Government Area, Akwa Ibom State, with emphasis on the transition from pre-colonial subsistence farming to colonial-era transformations. Using oral traditions, interviews with elders and youths across eleven villages, and limited textual sources, the study reconstructs farming practices, land tenure systems, crop cultivation, and labour organisation. In the pre-colonial era, agriculture was deeply intertwined with cultural beliefs, communal landholding, and rituals that honoured the soil as “Mother Earth.” Staple crops such as yam and cassava defined social status, while shifting cultivation and age-grade labour groups sustained production. The colonial period introduced mechanised farming and expanded cash crop cultivation; palm oil, coconut, and rubber, reshaped the socio-economic landscape and integrated Itak into global trade networks. Persistent challenges such as land fragmentation, inadequate infrastructure, and misallocation of agricultural inputs revealed the enduring legacies of colonial policies. The study situates Itak’s agrarian history within broader Ibibio and West African contexts highlighted the interplay of crops, culture, and colonialism in shaping rural development.
Impact of incorrect decision is very dangerous. When there is no chance to rectify it the situation goes beyond control. The arrow that is thrown from the bow can never be returned back by any means. It is hard reality. Illegal pregnancy, in the patriarchal society, is the striking example of this kind. The girl commits suicide to save her from shame and social dogma. Such an unfortunate girl has to face honour killing if she is involved with any guy beyond her community or not allowed by her society thereby parents as well. Sometimes parents may agree out of affection but the society, the self-proclaimed guardian never allows thus to protect the so-called chastity of the society.
Etymology of Genomology & reasons for the better development of Chemistry and Physics than Biology
All things or matter both genomic-things and nongenomic-things are composed of the elements found on periodic table. In other words, nuclear energy reactions of Physics involving atoms or elements such as uranium, chemical reactions of Chemistry, and enzymatic reactions of Genomology are subsets of the elements found on the Modern Periodic Table. An atom is the fundamental particle of an element, while an element is a pure substance made of only one type of atom. The key objective of this study is to impart the etymological accuracy of the term Genomology and the reasons for the better development of Chemistry and Physics than Biology. The contents of Figures and Tables herebelow are designed to serve as evidential components of Methods & Results in the targetful strategy of this study and that is why it is entitled Methodology & Results hereabove. Genomology is the first branch of natural sciences that has converged the teaching of Bible & the set of the three branches of Natural Sciences into a Unified Package of Universal Truth , because the very characteristic features of both Bible and Natural Sciences are absolutely the search for Truth. That is the reason for why the persons who are ordered by court to give statements of witness are obliged to touch Holy Bible or Holy Kuran with their hands during witnessing.
Essentials of Taboos in the Yoruba Cultural Sustainability
Taboo is an inhibition or general agreement based on socio-cultural custom to prevent feeling and emotion from doing or talking about something that is being found sacred or offensive. It is a social or religious custom prohibiting or restricting a particular practice or forbidding association with a particular person, place, or thing. Taboos are common to different groups to restricting a particular practice, but the reasons for such may be quite different from one set of group to another. However, the Yoruba ethnic group of south western Nigeria, which is the focus of this work, has a lot of cultural practices which are so valued despite the westernization by the European colonialist. These cultural practices were introduced by the founding father of this ethnic group and are meant to regulate the moral order of the society. Therefore, this paper sets to give an insight into different forms of taboos among the Yoruba and how are these taboos acting as a propelling force in preserving Yoruba cultural beliefs for future generations. It will also delve into means and ways of entrenching acceptable moral order and values into Yoruba society through the use of taboos. To achieve these, historical and exploratory methods will be employed as the tools of work in the course of this research work.
History, International Relation, Political Science and Administration
Does the Formation of Quantum Droplets Explain the Theory?
We describe a model of swirling droplets inside a steam able to support vortex waves for the deformation of spacetime by the particle
IT, Mobiles, Internet and AI: Impact on Human Values, Emotions, and Physical Presence in the Digital Age
Rapid advancements in Information Technology (IT), mobile computing, the Internet, and Artificial Intelligence (AI) have revolutionized human life. While digital technologies have provided immense benefits in productivity, connectivity, and convenience, they have also contributed to shifts in social behaviors, human values, emotional expression, and interpersonal relationships. This paper examines how digital presence increasingly overshadows physical presence, the psychological and social consequences of this shift, and the ethical implications for society. Using multidisciplinary perspectives from psychology, sociology, and technology studies, the research argues that the overreliance on digital interactions reduces emotional richness, dilutes social responsibility, and challenges long-standing human values. The conclusion offers recommendations to balance digital engagement with physical human connection.
Modeling of soil quality in Umonyeche Milieu Southern Region of Nigeria using Heavy Metal Index and Spatial Distribution
This study examined the presence of heavy metals (HMs) in soil samples collected from Umuonyeche in Owerri, Imo State, southeastern Nigeria. Metal concentrations were determined using Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy. To assess pollution levels, multiple indices were applied, including the Potential Ecological Risk Index (ERI), Geo-accumulation Index (Igeo), Contamination Degree (Cdeg), and Nemerow Pollution Index (PNI). Statistical tools such as the Pearson correlation matrix and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) were also used to evaluate the relationships among metals and identify their possible sources. The results showed that heavy metal contamination in the study area largely originates from anthropogenic activities, including automobile repairs, solid waste disposal, and agricultural practices. While the ERI suggested that the soil is mostly unpolluted, the Igeo results indicated the influence of human activities, highlighting a contrast between the two indices. The Cdeg values revealed a low level of contamination across the samples. Additionally, PNI assessments categorized the soils as 25.8% clean, 28.2% slightly clean, and 10.7% moderately polluted. Findings from PCA and the Pearson correlation matrix further confirmed that the heavy metals present in the soil are primarily linked to human activities.
Teacher Creativity as Correlate to English Essay Writing Achievement of Students with Learning Disabilities in Ibadan, Nigeria
Students with Learning disabilities are a unique minority in regular school setting in Nigeria, as such they often obstructed by partial or total delay in one aspect of learning development or the other. This paper discusses the impact of English language of teacher creativity on students with learning disabilities achievement in essay writing in Oyo State Nigeria. Multistage sampling technique was used to select seven government owned schools in seven towns within Ibadan, Nigeria. Eighteen (18) English Language subject teachers in Junior Secondary Schools II were enumerated while seven (7) intact classes of Juniors Secondary School II of students with learning disabilities totaling five hundred and eighty-five (585) were purposively selected for research purpose through nomination by the class teachers based on the academic records of each student in their classes across the seven schools. Two validated research instruments were used: Teacher Creativity Rating Scale (r=0.83); Essay Writing Achievement Test (r=0.72). Two research questions were raised and answered. The findings revealed that teacher creativity has a great influence on students’ achievement in essay writing. The researcher then recommended that teacher of English language courses should make use of creative skills effectively during teaching/learning process, most especially in essay writing.
English Language, Teaching, Literature, Linguistics and Communication
An Exploratory Study of Jordanian EFL Teachers’ Perceived and Actual Creative Instructional Practices
Creativity was increasingly seen key element of effective English as the Foreign Language (EFL) teaching. the way it was actually used in the classroom often doesn't match what teachers say they did. This study exam the difference between what Jordanian EFL teachers thought they wear doing and what they actually dose in their teaching. It used a quantitative approach with two way of measuring things. One was a questionnaire about on perceived by practices, and the other is the observation of checklist for actual practices. The study included 101 teachers from public, private and higher education institutions. The questionnaire had 13 questions and the reliability score (Cronbach’s α) of 0.919. The observation checklist has14 items and the reliability score of 0.952. The results showed so that the average perceived practice score is 48.33 (SD = 10.35) on the 13-item scale, which was an average of 3.72 out of 5 for each item. The observed practice score was 48.11 (SD = 12.18) on the 14-item a scale, or an average of 3.44 out of 5 for each by item.Teachers self-reported the highest proficiency in establishing the associations (M = 4.04) and sequencing (M = 4.00) at the domain level, while their lowest ratings is for creative thinking (M = 3.44) and the exploring space (M = 3.47); observations corroborated these findings, revealing the least effective implementation in creative to thinking (M = 3.20) and the exploring numbers (M = 3.25). These outcomes validate the significant disparity between perceived and actual performance, thereby highlighting the necessity for focused professional development initiatives and institutional resources designed to convert positive attitudes into consistent classroom application. Inferential statistical analyses, including paired t-tests, independent t-tests and one-way ANOVA at α = 0.05 are employed to examine perceived-actual discrepancies and variability across teacher attributs and contextual factores.
Strategic Planning as a Cornerstone of Quality Assurance in Higher Education: A Coupling Model with ISO 21001, ESG/ASG-QA, and Evidence Dashboards
This paper argues that strategic planning is the engine of quality assurance (QA) in higher education when it is explicitly coupled with recognized reference frameworks and operational evidence infrastructures. Drawing on an integrative synthesis of the Standards and Guidelines for Quality Assurance in the European Higher Education Area (ESG), the African Standards and Guidelines for Quality Assurance (ASG‑QA), and ISO 21001:2018, we propose a “coupling model” that links mission and goals to process inventories, risk registers, and role‑based dashboards. We illustrate the model with the Cameroonian policy context namely the Education and Training Sector Strategy 2023–2030 (ETSS 2030) and the National Development Strategy 2020–2030 (NDS30) and with regional QA reforms (e.g., South Africa’s QAF). We show how institutional KPIs can be derived from sector targets and embedded in Plan‑Do‑Check‑Act (PDCA) cycles supported by an EMIS 2.0 architecture focused on learning and accountability. Recent research on learning‑analytics dashboards and human‑centered provides design considerations for usability, equity, and pedagogical actionability. The contribution is a practical mapping procedure and dashboard specification that translate high‑level QA requirements into auditable processes, data elements, and governance artifacts feasible for universities in resource‑constrained settings.
Education, Learning, Training & Development
A pedagogical Approach for Integrating Smartphones into Learning Activities: Evidence Based Practice at Secondary School
Research in emerging technologies has argued that the pedagogical integration of smart-phones in learning activities is important to engage students in meaningful learning experiences. Recent studies have shown that SOAR pedagogy is effective when implemented in social science environments. Some of empirical studies of SOAR based mobile learning have demonstrated examples of different learning scenarios with positive results toward students’ performance. However, there is a little research exploring the augmentation of SOAR based mobile devices in field of science learning environments. This research is based on an experimental study where participants were divided to the experimental group (EG), (n = 33) who employed SOAR with mobile devices and control group (CG), (n =33) who followed mobile without SOAR approach. The purpose was to examine and compare the effectiveness of two mobile learning approaches on improving students’ learning achievement. In particular, EG group engagement and perspectives are investigated as to explore whether the mobile SOAR approach had positive effect on learning activities. The study was carried out in a secondary school located in Khartoum state in Sudan, both quantitative and qualitative techniques were employed to collect and analyze the data in order to understand the variations between two pedagogical approaches. Our results indicated that significant differences existed between students learning achievement, the EG students’ achievement was significantly higher compared to CG students. Moreover, the EG students reported that the mobile SOAR approach has influenced their engagement and create positive perspectives toward learning activities. We conclude by arguing that, diverse learning technology environments, and large sample size are critical to explore the potential of mobile SOAR approach in improving students learning performance.
Evidence-Based Solutions Addressing the Unmet Health and Social Care Needs among Older Adults in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review
Emerging evidence indicates that older populations across Sub-Saharan Africa face a disproportionately high burden of unmet health and social care needs. Gaining a clearer understanding of these unmet needs is essential for informing the development of strategies, policies, and programmes that can strengthen service delivery, promote equity, and improve health and social outcomes among older adults. This study thus aimed to synthesise a range of existing evidence addressing the unmet health and social care needs of the aged in sub-Saharan Africa. Three electronic databases—PubMed, Springer Nature Link, and African Journals Online—were systematically searched. A comprehensive search strategy was developed using a combination of keywords, and a two-stage screening process was employed. A total of 31 studies met the inclusion criteria. The findings from these studies were synthesised narratively. The review identified a wide range of unmet health and social care needs among older adults in Sub-Saharan Africa. These included a high prevalence of non-communicable diseases, nutritional deficiencies, limitations in activities of daily living, social isolation, depression, and psychological distress. Many of these unmet needs were linked to broader social determinants of health and inequalities, such as financial hardship, poor living conditions, unhealthy lifestyle factors, societal beliefs about ageing and western medicine, geographical disparities, gender inequality, and weaknesses within the health system. Formal care was often regarded as a last resort. The findings indicate an urgent need for sensitisation and public awareness about the challenges associated with ageing, and how to ensure healthy ageing. This will help reduce the stigma and marginalisation of the elderly and also encourage the acceptance of Western medicine. Further research focusing on coordinated care models and the role of technology in enhancing service delivery is essential to inform policy and practice in the region.
Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Early Prediction of Freezing of Gait in Parkinson’s Disease Using Wearable Sensors and Machine Learning
Freezing of Gait (FoG) is a disabling motor symptom of Parkinson’s Disease (PD) that causes loss of mobility and increases fall risk. Most wearable-based FoG systems detect freezing at or after onset, limiting their preventive use. This study presents a machine learning framework to predict FoG several seconds before onset. The publicly available Daphnet dataset was used, containing tri-axial accelerometer data segmented with sliding windows and processed using domain-specific feature engineering. Several models were tested under a Leave-One-Subject-Out (LOSO) cross-validation protocol, including XGBoost, CatBoost, Random Forest, and deep recurrent networks. XGBoost achieved the best results (Recall = 90.03%, Precision = 76.76%, F1 = 82.14%). SHAP analysis confirmed physiologically relevant predictors such as gait rhythmicity, energy distribution, and freeze index. The framework can support real-time alert systems to help prevent FoG-related falls in PD. Future work will include hardware implementation, clinical testing, and development of neuromorphic variants for wearable devices.
Students with Learning disabilities are a unique minority in regular school setting in Nigeria, as such they often obstructed by partial or total delay in one aspect of learning development or the other. This paper discusses the impact of English language of teacher creativity on students with learning disabilities achievement in essay writing in Oyo State Nigeria. Multistage sampling technique was used to select seven government owned schools in seven towns within Ibadan, Nigeria. Eighteen (18) English Language subject teachers in Junior Secondary Schools II were enumerated while seven (7) intact classes of Juniors Secondary School II of students with learning disabilities totaling five hundred and eighty-five (585) were purposively selected for research purpose through nomination by the class teachers based on the academic records of each students in their classes across the seven schools. Two validated research instruments were used: Teacher Creativity Rating Scale (r=0.83); Essay Writing Achievement Test (r=0.72). Two research questions were raised and answered. The findings revealed that teacher creativity has a great influence on students’ achievement in essay writing. The researcher then recommended that teacher of English language courses should make use of creative skills effectively during teaching/learning process, most especially in essay writing.
Exploring the Impact of Leadership Styles and Skills on Teams and Organisational Objectives
This paper will explore the impact of leadership styles and skills on teams and organisational objectives and is presented in two parts, namely: (a) Impact of leadership styles on team and organisational objectives: transactional leadership, transformational leadership, democratic leadership, authoritarian leadership, laissez-faire leadership; and (b) Impact of leadership skills on team and organisational objectives: create a safe environment that promotes trust, values open communications, connects work to organisation objectives, builds self-esteem and confidence, respects diverse cultures and customs, challenging beliefs and assumptions.
Ant Colony Optimization Algorithm of Solution Gas Oil Ratio PVT Correlation
The solution gas-oil ratio (Rs) is a vital parameter in pressure-volume-temperature (PVT) analysis and reservoir engineering, with its accurate estimation being critical during reservoir depletion. While laboratory-based fluid sampling offers precision, it is often capital-intensive and logistically demanding. Consequently, empirical correlations have been developed to estimate Rs; however, these correlations are frequently region-specific and fail to generalize across diverse reservoir conditions, leading to significant prediction errors. This study aimed to optimize existing Rs correlations—specifically the Glaso (1980) and Standing (1947) models—using the Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) algorithm to enhance prediction accuracy for the Volve field. Data from the Volve production dataset underwent extensive cleaning to remove irrelevant features, missing entries, and anomalous zero values, ensuring reliability for modeling. The ACO algorithm was then applied to calibrate the parameters of the selected correlations, with optimization assessed using statistical metrics such as Mean Absolute Error (MAE), Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE), and the Correlation Coefficient (R). Results showed that the optimized Glaso correlation achieved superior performance, yielding a high correlation coefficient (0.9993) and a significant reduction in average relative error (30.22%), outperforming its original and the Standing model in predictive accuracy. Comparative analysis against experimental data and traditional models confirmed the robustness and adaptability of the ACO-enhanced approach. Despite challenges such as data dependency, parameter sensitivity, and risk of overfitting, the ACO algorithm demonstrated strong potential for improving Rs estimation across complex reservoir systems. The findings underscore the necessity of optimizing empirical models before their field application and affirm the value of bio-inspired algorithms in petroleum reservoir analysis.
Improving Cement Sheet Contraction and Strength Retrogression of Oil Well Using Local Materials (Silica Flour, Egg Shell, Periwinkel Shell, Palm Kernel Fibre Aggregate and Saw Dust)
This study presents findings from experiments assessing the feasibility of utilizing egg shell powder, sourced from the egg shell, periwinkle, palm kernel fibre and saw dust, for improving cement sheet contraction. Cement slurries serve critical functions, such as facilitating zonal isolation, safeguarding the casing against corrosion, absorbing shock loads encountered during deeper drilling, and preventing blowouts by rapidly establishing a seal. The effectiveness and successful execution of cementing operations heavily rely on specific properties of the slurry, which can be enhanced through the incorporation of various additives. This study focuses on examining the impact of various local additives, including Palm kernel fibre aggregates and Silica sand, on specific properties of cement slurry. The conducted tests revealed that the cement samples mixed with local additives exhibited compressive strengths that ranged from a minimum of 3,359 psi to 11,759 psi, in contrast to the plain class G slurry, which registered an unsuitable strength of 1,600 psi. Additionally, the density measurements were found to be acceptable, falling between 15.3 and 16 ppg. However, the rheological properties and fluid loss characteristics were assessed to be either standard or subpar when compared to the benchmarks established by the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM). Upon concluding the experiment, a noticeable difference was noted between the results of the neat class G slurry and those of the additive-mix slurries. Consequently, it was determined that the neat slurry sample served effectively as a fluid loss agent, while all samples, with the exception of the plain slurry, demonstrated satisfactory compressive strengths. Additionally, the palm fibre alone showed sufficient rheological properties; however, with the sole exception of the plain slurry, none of the samples proved to be effective fluid loss agents.
Structural Determinants of Student Lateness to School on Reopening Days: Evidence from Adidome Senior High School, Ghana
++++++++++++++ Timely student return on school reopening days is crucial for effective curriculum delivery and school management. This study investigates restraining factors influencing lateness among students in forms two and three at Adidome Senior High School, Ghana. A cross-sectional survey of 290 students measured lateness prevalence and assessed biographical, parental, student-related, and school-related factors. Lateness is a widespread structural challenge, with 74.5% of students reporting late (after Day 3). Logistic regression showed parental constraints significantly increased lateness (OR = 1.70, p = 0.006) while enhanced school communication policies and early academic engagement reduced it (OR = 0.47, p < 0.001). Student attitudes and demographic characteristics were not significant predictors. The findings highlight that effective interventions should prioritize parental financial support and improved institutional communication over punitive student measures. Recommendations include strengthening financial assistance schemes, refining communication protocols, and fostering community-school partnerships to advance educational punctuality in semi-rural settings.
Evaluation of Job Satisfaction on Organisation Productivity of Ondo State Water Corporation
+++++ The study empirically examined the impact of job satisfaction on employees’ productivity. The specific objectives were; to investigate the impact of job safety and security on employees’ productivity and to determine the extent to which promotion affect employees’ productivity. This study employed survey research design. A combination of secondary and primary sources of data was adopted in this study. Primary source of data principally was extracted from the questionnaire. The data collected from the field survey was presented and analyzed in tables and simple percentage format. Also, the Chi-square statistical tool was used in testing the research hypothesis. The major findings of the study include: There was a significant impact of job satisfaction on productivity, Job safety and security had a significant impact of employees’ productivity and there was a significant impact of promotion on employees’ productivity in hospitality firms. The study recommended that management should set up effective strategies that will lead to goals and objectives of the organization. Management should improve on job safety and security so that it will enhance high level of productivity. Good working conditions should be implemented in order to improve workers’ performance.
Potency of Visual Resources on Secondary School Students Educational Attainment in Social Studies in Ekiti State, Nigeria
The study investigatedpotency of visual resources on secondary school students’ educational attainment in social studies in Ekiti state, Nigeria. Quasi-experimental design of pre-test, post-test, control groups design was adopted. The population of the study consisted of all Junior Secondary School III students in Ekiti State. The sample for the study consisted of 155 JSS III students who were selected from four secondary schools in Ekiti State using multi-stage sampling procedure. The two research instruments were used such as lesson notes on Social Studies and Social Studies Performance Test (SSPT). The face and content validity of the instruments were ensured by Social Studies and Test and Measurement experts. The reliability of the instrument was determined through test-retest method. The scores of the sampled students were analysed using the Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient Analysis. A reliability coefficient of 0.85 was obtained. The research hypotheses were tested a 0.05 level of significance. Findings found thatthere is a significant difference in the pre-test and post-test scores of Social Studies students when virtual resources were used. This study concluded that using visual resources for teaching Social Studies students is more effective than conventional methods of teaching as the performance of students taught with visual resources was better than their counterparts who were not taught with it. The study recommended that to improve Social Studies students’ academic performance, the use of visual resources should be encouraged in teaching Junior secondary schools’ students in Ekiti State. The school authority should organise in-service training for retraining of Social Studies teachers through seminars to update their knowledge and create awareness on the relevance of instructional resource meant for teaching Social Studies students.
The Viability of the Mult-Door Courthouse Having Criminal Jurisdiction: A Critical Analysis
The Modern Alternative Dispute Resolution was introduced into the world, as a form of method that would aid in alleviating the hardships and disadvantages of courtroom litigation, However, upon careful scrutiny of the systems that employ this method of dispute resolution; it comes to ones’ focus that the institutions are one-sided in the types of cases they entertain. Cases in point, which this write-up will center on, are the Lagos MultiDoor courthouse. These are one of the current institutions through which Alternative Dispute Resolution mechanisms are being practiced. However, a major drawback characterized by these alternative courts is that their jurisdictions are limited to resolving civil cases. In essence, the other most important aspect of the legal system is neglected, which is the criminal justice system i.e criminal cases. Criminal cases are out rightly excluded from reaping the benefits of this valuable and beneficial concept.A further research by this write-up brings into limelight certain processes within the criminal justice system which are similar to the ADR processes themselves. This article aims at highlighting these criminal law methods which will aid in resolving criminal disputes amicably and agreeably, just like the ADR processes. The mechanisms in focus will be plea bargaining, restorative justice and compoundable offences. The similarities between these methods and these of the ADR processes. The write-up will then look into how these criminal law processes can be incorporated and employed into the multi-Door courthouses. In order that the MDCs will have concurrent jurisdictions of both civil and criminal cases.
Parenting Education for Holistic Child Development in Nigeria
This paper examines the role of Parenting Education in fostering holistic child development in Nigeria, emphasizing the need for informed parental involvement in children’s physical, emotional, cognitive, social and spiritual growth. The paper focuses on assessing the level of knowledge and practices among Nigerian parents regarding holistic parenting and its impact on child development outcomes. The objectives of the paper are to examine the influence of Parenting Education on child development; assess parental knowledge and skills related to effective parenting practices; identify barriers to parental involvement in child development, including socio-cultural and economic factors; and recommend strategies for enhancing Parenting Education for holistic development. The study adopts a qualitative methodology using a literature review approach. Data were gathered from scholarly journals, academic books, policy documents, and multimedia sources relevant to parenting and child development in Nigeria. The paper shows that parenting practices influence academic performance, children’s health, and emotional well-being. Parents with access to Parenting Education are more likely to provide a nurturing environment, support their children’s education and reduce developmental risks such as stunting or behavioral issues. The paper concludes that, Parenting Education is an essential tool for enhancing holistic child development in Nigeria. It recommended that effective implementation of community-based parenting programs, the inclusion of fathers in child-rearing education and culturally sensitive interventions are essential to equip parents with the knowledge and skills needed to support their children’s growth.
Girl Child Education: A Means of Achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) In Nigeria
This study examined the extent to which girl child-education can facilitate the achievement of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in Nigeria. The study adopted a descriptive survey design. The sample of the study comprised of 245 senior secondary school girls respondents randomly selected from three states in Nigeria. The instrument which was validated by three experts in measurement and evaluation was used to elicit information from the participants. Having tested the reliability of the instrument, a coefficient of 0.82 was obtained. Data collected were analysed using means ratings and cumulative mean scores. Results revealed that forced marriage, sexual harassment, unwanted pregnancy, poverty, and negative self-concept are possible factors that militate against effective girl-child education in Nigeria. The study also revealed that girl-child education could to a very large extent promote women empowerment in Nigeria and that educating the girl child could be a strong factor that can facilitate the achievement of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in Nigeria. It was, therefore, recommended among others, that the three tiers of government should ensure that policies meant to foster equal access to formal education for both genders are not only formulated but politically backed up.
Perception and Readiness of online Teaching among Lecturers of Colleges of Education in Jigawa State
The study examined the perception and readiness of online teaching among lecturers of Colleges of education in Jigawa State. The study was carried out with four objectives, which are to; find out lecturers’ perception on online teaching in Colleges of Education in Jigawa State; identify lecturers’ readiness for the use of internet in teaching in Colleges of Education Jigawa State; find out the; determine the extent of interaction between lecturers’ perception and readiness in the use of mobile phones ,computers, tablets and software applications on the use of online teaching in Colleges of Education in Jigawa State; and assess the extent of lecturers’ utilisation of online teaching in Colleges of Education in Jigawa State. Four research questions and four hypotheses were formulated in line with the above-mentioned objectives. The study employed descriptive survey design with a total population of four hundred and thirty-two (432) and a sample size of three hundred and sixty-four (365) which was arrived at using researcher advisor table. The Data for the study was collected using questionnaire developed by the researcher titled Lecturers’ Perception and Readiness of Online Teaching Question (LPRAOTQ). The data collected were analyzed statistically using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 25, at both descriptive and inferential levels. At descriptive level, the research questions were answered using mean and standard deviation. At inferential level, the hypotheses were tested using Chi-square and Kruskal-Wallis (H) tests. The findings of the study revealed a significant difference between lecturers' perceptions of online teaching and the actual practice of online teaching. This suggests that lecturers may harbor misconceptions about the practical aspects of online teaching. The study also found that there was no significant difference in the preparedness of lecturers on the use of Internet for teaching in colleges of education in Jigawa State. This finding suggests that lecturers view online pedagogical approaches favourably and do not perceive strong barriers to their adoption. Another finding from the study is that there was no significant difference in lecturers’ perception and readiness in the use of ICT tools for online teaching in colleges of Education in Jigawa State, among other findings. Based on the findings of the study, it was concluded that there was a significant difference between lecturers' perceptions of online teaching and the actual practice of online teaching and It was recommended among others that teacher educators should positively perceived online learning as effective leaning method for teacher education; teachers, school managers and National Commission for Colleges of Education (NCCE) should promote the use of ICT and internet in teacher education institutions; and college management and other relevant stakeholders should provide ICT and internet facilities in the Colleges of Education in Jigawa State.
Preference of Mother Tongue for Effective Understanding of Covid-19 Pandemic Disease in Three Selected Local Governments in Jigawa State of Nigeria
The study examined the preference of Mother Tongue (MT) for effective understanding of the COVID-19 pandemic in three selected Local Government Areas of Jigawa State, Nigeria. Two research questions were formulated to guide the study. The population consisted of residents from the three selected Local Government Areas, from which 215 respondents were randomly sampled. A structured questionnaire developed by the researcher served as the main instrument for data collection. The collected data were analyzed using frequency and percentage. The findings of the study revealed that the respondents prefer the use of Mother Tongue (MT) for effective understanding of COVID-19 disease in both social and official settings. It further showed that communication in MT through radio and mobile phones facilitates effective understanding of the COVID-19 pandemic. The study recommended, among others, that public health campaigns and awareness programs should adopt local languages to improve the effectiveness of health communication, especially in rural communities where literacy levels are low. In addition, government at all levels should ensure timely procurement of all relevant facilities to fight the pandemic disease when it emerges.
Enterprise Risk Management Practices and Financial Performance of SMEs: Moderating Role of Management Competence in Nigeria
Enterprise risk management (ERM) has become an essential component of modern corporate governance, providing organisations with structured approaches to identifying, assessing, and mitigating risk that may threaten long-term sustainability. This study investigates the moderating effects of management competence on the relationship between ERM and financial performance using a cross-sectional survey design. Primary data was collected through structured questionnaires administered to owners of SMEs. Descriptive and inferential statistics were employed to test the hypothesized relationship. Results reveal a positive and significant relationship between internal environment of ERM and revenue and sales growth of small and medium-scale enterprises (SMEs) in Nigeria, a positive and significant relationship between risk assessment of ERM and revenue and sales growth of small and medium-scale enterprises (SMEs) in Nigeria, a positive and significant relationship between risk response of ERM and revenue and sales growth of small and medium-scale enterprises (SMEs) in Nigeria, a positive and significant relationship control activities of ERM and revenue and sales growth of small and medium-scale enterprises (SMEs) in Nigeria and a positive and significant relationship between monitoring of ERM and on revenue and sales growth of small and medium-scale enterprises (SMEs) in Nigeria and revenue and sales growth of small and medium-scale enterprises (SMEs) in Nigeria. The study further emphasised that management competence enhances the effectiveness of ERM implementation. The policy implication is that regulators should encourage SMEs to institutionalize ERM practices as a mechanism for achieving financial stability and sustainable growth. Overall, this investigation contributes to the literature by providing empirical evidence from survey-based data that ERM is a driver of superior financial performance.